Johan Dahlin
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75 lines
1.4 KiB
Markdown
75 lines
1.4 KiB
Markdown
CELLMEMBRANETS ARKITEKTUR
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Cholesterol
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Fatty acid
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Fatty acid
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Glycerol
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Phosphate
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Alcohol
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Cerebroside
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(a glycolipid)
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Fatty acid unit
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Sugar unit
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glucose or galactose
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Bilayer
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Bilayer
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Omättade fettsyror
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Cholesterol
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Membrane Protein Lipid Carbohydrate
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Myelin 18% 79% 3%
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Erytrocyte 49% 43% 8%
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Liver 44% 52% 4%
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Lipid rafts
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Membranproteiner
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Typ 1: Alfahelix(ar)
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Typ 2: Beta-barrel
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Typ 3: ”Partiellt associerade”
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Table 12.2 Polarity scale for identifying transmembrane helices
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(Transfer free energy values omitted in OCR)
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Hydropathy index diagram (glycophorin)
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(Rendering omitted)
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PERIFERA MEMBRANPROTEINER
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Strategier för association med cell membranet
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1. Isoprenoid- (Farnesyl-) svans: 15C kedja associeras till cystein nära C-terminalen
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Ex GTPas, Ras
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2. Myristoylsvans: 14C kedja bunden till N-terminal glycin
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Ex tyrosinkinas Src
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3. GPI-ankare/glycosylfosfatidylinositol-svans: Proteinets C-terminal är kovalent bunden till oligosackariden
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Ex Acetylkolineras, T-cadherin, Thy-1
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OBS FOSFOLIPAS
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4. Elektrostatiska interaktioner med fosfolipider
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Cytoplasmatiska proteiner ex annexin
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5. Association med integrala proteiner
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Ex “cellskelett-proteiner”
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Cellytans kolhydrater
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Diagram av glycocalyx, med glykolipider, proteoglykaner etc.
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(Texten fragmenterad i OCR)
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Koleratoxin från Vibrio cholerae
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Selektiner
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Integriner
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Cadheriner |